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Following is the Blacksmith Institute's list of the world's most polluted towns/cities:
1. Sumgayit, Azerbaijan
It is located near the Caspian Sea, about 31 kilometres away from the national capital, Baku. Population: 308,700 approximately. Type of Pollutants: Organic chemicals, oil, heavy metals. including mercury
2. Linfen, China
A prefecture level city. It is situated on the banks of river Fen in southern Shanxi province of China. Population: 4,316,612 approximately.Type of Pollutants: Flyash, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, PM-2.5, PM-10, sulfur dioxide, volatile organic compounds, arsenic, lead.
3. Tianying, China
This town is in the northwest of Anhui Province in China. Population: 26,095 approximately. Type of Pollutants: Lead and other heavy metals.
4. Sukinda, India
It is a town in Jajpur district of Orissa. Type of Pollutants: Hexavalent chromium and other metals.
5. La Oroya, Peru
It is situated on the River Mantaro in central Peru, about 176 km east-north-east of the national capital, Lima. Population: 33,000 approximately. Type of Pollutants: Lead, copper, zinc, and sulfur dioxide.
6. Dzerzinsk, Russia
The city is situated along the Oka river, about 400 kilometres east of Moscow. Population: 240,800 approximately. Type of Pollutants: Chemicals and toxic byproducts, including Sarin, VX gas, etc. Also lead, phenols.
7. Norilsk, Russia
It is the northernmost city in Siberia. Population: 175,300 approximately. Type of Pollutants: Air pollution particulates, sulfur dioxide, heavy metals, phenols, hydrogen sulfide.
8. Chernobyl, Ukraine
The city was the site of the world's worst nuclear disaster that took place on April 26, 1986 when testing in the Chernobyl power plant triggered a fiery meltdown of the reactor's core. Thirty people were killed in the accident, 135,000 were evacuated and one hundred times more radiation was released than by the atom bombs dropped over Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Type of pollutants: Radioactive dust including uranium, plutonium, cesium-137, strontium, and other metals
9. Kabwe, Zambia
It is the capital of the Zambian Central Province. Population: 210,000 approximately. Type of Pollutants: Lead, cadmium.